![]() In the early 16th century, the Venetian galleoni were a new class of galley used to hunt down pirates in the Mediterranean Sea. It is very likely that the galleons and galliots mentioned in the accounts of the crusades were the same vessels. The Annali Genovesi mention galleons of 60, 64 and 80 oars, used for battle and on missions of exploration, in the 12th and 13th centuries. The term was originally given to certain types of war galleys in the Middle Ages. The galea was a warship of the Byzantine navy, and its name may be related to the Greek word galeos, " dogfish shark". Another possible origin is the Old French word galie, "galley" also from Medieval Greek galea. The word galleon, "large ship", comes from Spanish galeón, "galleon", "armed merchant ship" or from Old French galion, "armed ship of burden" from Medieval Greek galea, " galley", to which the French or Spanish augmentative suffix -on is added. ![]() Such ships were the mainstay of maritime commerce into the early 19th century, and were often drafted into use as auxiliary naval war vessels-indeed, were the mainstay of contending fleets through most of the 150 years of the Age of Exploration-before the Anglo-Dutch wars brought purpose-built ship-rigged warships, ships of the line, that thereafter dominated war at sea during the remainder of the age of sail. Galleons generally carried three or more masts with a lateen fore-and-aft rig on the rear masts, were carvel built with a prominent squared off raised stern, and used square-rigged sail plans on their fore-mast and main-masts. Galleons were large, multi-decked sailing ships developed in Spain and first used as armed cargo carriers by Europeans from the 16th to 18th centuries during the age of sail and were the principal vessels drafted for use as warships until the Anglo-Dutch Wars of the mid-1600s. João de Castro on the "Suez Expedition" (part of the Portuguese Armada of 72 ships sent against the Ottoman fleet anchor in Suez, Egypt, in response to its entry in the Indian Ocean and the siege of Diu in 1538) - Tábuas da India in the João de Castro's Roteiro do Mar Roxo ( Routemap of the Red Sea) of 1540–1541. Overall: 20 in x 27 5/16 in 50.8 cm x 69.4436 cm ID NumberĢ, galleon (center/right), square rigged caravel (below), galley and fusta (galliot) depicted by D. ![]() Since Mydans had been alongside Swing during some of the fighting, he was lucky enough to be chosen by the general to get on that first plane. When asked how he attained such a good shooting position at the surrender, Mydans answered that "being in combat, knowing the generals, covering the war over a long time helped a lot." The first outfit to head out of Okinawa was the 11th Airborne, commanded by Gen. Representatives of the Allied Powers stand behind General MacArthur. Yoshijiro Umezu, Chief of the Army General Staff, signing the Instrument of Surrender on behalf of the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters. Missouri might have presented a tempting target for a final suicide attack. Seeing a deckful of high Allied officers on the U.S.S. planes had been ready with bombs to halt any last-minute treacherous act on the part of the Japanese. ![]() At the ceremonies, General MacArthur stated that the Japanese and their conquerors did not meet "in a spirit of mistrust, malice or hatred but rather, it is for us, both victors and vanquished, to rise to that higher dignity which alone benefits the sacred purposes we are about to serve."ĭespite these words, none of the Japanese delegates were saluted by any of the high-ranking officers. Missouri and before representatives of nine Allied nations, the Japanese signed their surrender. Early Sunday morning on September 2, 1945, aboard the new 45,000-ton battleship U.S.S.
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